The Briefing Room

Donald Trump’s recent announcement that he was withdrawing the remaining US troops in northern Syria sent shockwaves across the security establishment, and caught allies in the region off guard. Turkey moved swiftly to launch an offensive against Kurdish forces across the border. What does President Erdogan want to achieve? And where does this leave the political map of the region and the fight against the Islamic State group? David Aaronovitch speaks to guests about the phone call that started it off and what could happen next. GUESTS Eric Schmitt - senior writer covering terrorism and national security issues for The New York Times and co-author of Counterstrike Dr Amanda Sloat - senior fellow at The Brookings Institution and former Deputy Assistant Secretary for Southern Europe and Eastern Mediterranean Affairs at the State Department Charles Lister - senior fellow at the Middle East Institute and author of The Syrian Jihad: Al Qaeda, the Islamic State and the Evolution of an Insurgency Lina Khatib - Head of the Middle East and North Africa Programme at Chatham House Seth Frantzman - Middle East affairs analyst for the Jerusalem Post and the author of After Isis: America, Iran and the struggle for the Middle East (September 2019). Producer: Serena Tarling Editor: Jasper Corbett

Would cutting back on meat consumption help tackle climate change? What impact would this have on individuals, governments and businesses? Livestock farming accounts for at least 14.5% of all human emissions - with beef making up the highest proportion of this. Meat free burgers are now available at fast food restaurants across the western world; veganism is on the rise, as is flexitarianism - a largely vegetable-based diet supplemented occasionally with meat. But how far can these eating trends help to reduce carbon emissions? David Aaronovitch is joined by: Dr Hannah Richie - Head of Research at Our world in data, University of Oxford Tim Searchinger - Senior Fellow, World Resources Institute and Princeton University Professor Louise Fresco - President of the Wageningen University Laura Wellesley - Research fellow in the Energy, Environment and Resources Department at Chatham House Toby Park - Head of Energy and Sustainability, Behavioural Insights Team Producer: Serena Tarling Editor: Jasper Corbett

What's the Trump impeachment inquiry about? The White House is in damage limitation mode following a whistleblower complaint that revealed details about a phone call between President Trump and Ukraine's president, Volodymyr Zelensky. The whistleblower expressed an 'urgent concern' that Mr Trump had used his office to pressure a foreign power to damage a political rival and leading Democratic presidential candidate, Joe Biden. Now the Democrats have launched a formal impeachment inquiry into what went on. Where might this end up and what does it mean for American politics? David Aaronovitch is briefed on the wider context to this story and how the case will likely be built both for and against Donald Trump. He also asks how significant this moment is likely to be in US history? GUESTS: Josh Gerstein, Senior Legal Affairs Contributor, Politico Jonah Fisher, BBC correspondent in Kiev Leslie Vinjamuri, Head of US and Americas programme at Chatham House Elaine Kamarck, Senior Fellow in the Governance Studies program at the Brookings Institution Amy Jeffress, former federal prosecutor and partner at Arnold and Porter law firm Producer: Serena Tarling Editor: Jasper Corbett

The Supreme Court has ruled that Boris Johnson's decision to prorogue Parliament was unlawful, turning a page on the country’s constitution. The Supreme Court president Lady Hale said "the effect on the fundamentals of democracy was extreme." The Prime Minister responded that he "strongly disagrees" with the ruling but will "respect" it. So is British democracy at a crossroads? In an extended edition of the Briefing Room, David Aaronovitch asks who is running Britain and is it now time to have a written constitution. CONTRIBUTORS: Alison Young, Professor of Public Law, University of Cambridge. Philip Norton, Professor of Government, and Director of the Centre for Legislative Studies, University of Hull David Allen Green, contributing editor to the Financial Times and lawyer at Preiskel & Co Michael Keating, Director of the Centre on Constitutional Change at Edinburgh University and Professor of Politics, at the University of Aberdeen. Meg Russell, Director of the Constitution Unit at University College London, Senior Fellow at the UK in a Changing Europe Murray Hunt, Director of the Bingham Centre for the Rule of Law Producer: Neil Koenig Editor: Jasper Corbett

Seven recent deaths in America have been linked to the use of electronic cigarettes. The federal government and some states have made moves to ban the use of the products - other countries, such as India, are following. But some experts believe that vaping has a useful role to play in helping people to give up smoking. In this week's programme David Aaronovitch asks why have e-cigarettes become so popular, and what are the risks of using them? CONTRIBUTORS Tom Novotny, Professor of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Diego State University Hannah Kuchler, US Pharma and Biotech Correspondent, The Financial Times Linda Bauld, Professor of Health Policy, the University of Edinburgh Lion Shahab, Associate Professor in Health Psychology, University College London. Producer Neil Koenig Editor Jasper Corbett