Texas Talks

This episode kicks off the Texas Talks Special Series: AI and Public Policy, a multi-part series exploring how artificial intelligence will reshape governance at every level in the years ahead.

Artificial intelligence is advancing at an unprecedented pace — but can government keep up?

In this episode of Texas Talks, host Brad Swail is joined by Tanner Jones and Chris Minge, cofounders of Vulcan Technologies, to launch the series with a deep dive into how AI is already transforming the private sector — and why government risks falling dangerously behind if it fails to adapt.

Jones and Minge explain how their company is working to bring “frontier AI” into state and federal government, giving policymakers the tools to better understand laws, budgets, and regulatory systems in real time. They argue that without modernization, the gap between private-sector innovation and government capability could grow so wide that it undermines effective governance.

The discussion also dives into the structural problems holding government back — from outdated procurement systems to legacy vendors delivering obsolete technology — and how those inefficiencies impact everything from permitting to policymaking.

The conversation also covers:

• Why government technology often lags years behind the private sector

• How outdated procurement systems slow innovation and increase costs

• The risks of governments relying on outdated AI models

• Why AI should serve as a tool for policymakers — not replace them

• How Vulcan’s platform helps navigate massive legal and regulatory datasets

• The challenge of building clean, usable government data from fragmented systems

• How AI can reduce months-long processes (like permitting) down to days

• The dangers of a fragmented, state-by-state regulatory patchwork

• Why startups — not just legacy vendors — are critical to innovation in government

• How Texas is positioning itself as a national leader in AI-driven governance

• The broader economic and policy implications of AI adoption

Jones and Minge also highlight real-world results, including dramatic reductions in time spent on routine government tasks and the ability for public servants to focus more on high-level policy work instead of clerical processes.

Looking ahead, they argue that states like Texas that successfully integrate AI into governance will see faster economic growth, more efficient public services, and a stronger competitive advantage — while those that fail to adapt risk falling further behind.

00:00 — Introduction to AI and public policy series

00:27 — Tanner Jones and Chris Minge introduce Vulcan Technologies

01:10 — Founders’ background and company origin story

02:28 — The growing gap between private sector and government tech

03:55 — Why outdated government tech threatens the “Republic”

05:10 — Procurement failures and legacy vendors explained

06:59 — Why citizens often have better AI tools than government

07:47 — Are government buyers equipped to evaluate tech?

09:08 — How AI models rapidly become outdated

10:38 — Concerns about AI accuracy, hallucinations, and control

11:49 — AI as a tool vs decision-maker in government

13:13 — What happens if government falls too far behind

14:38 — Procurement bottlenecks and adoption challenges

16:10 — Vendor lock-in and inflated government tech costs

17:54 — Why Vulcan ships updates differently

18:58 — Real-world use cases: governors and policymaking tools

20:15 — Navigating legal, budget, and regulatory systems with AI

21:26 — Why generic AI tools fail for government use

22:42 — Building massive legal datasets from scratch

24:06 — The challenge of unusable government data (PDFs, scans)

26:17 — Texas innovation and the Regulatory Efficiency Office

27:47 — The risks of a fragmented AI regulatory patchwork

29:20 — Balancing AI innovation with necessary guardrails

31:16 — Compliance challenges and FedRAMP

33:02 — Real-world example: fixing permitting bottlenecks

35:23 — What becomes possible with AI in government

37:08 — Cleaning up contradictory laws and regulations

38:43 — Real results: time savings and productivity gains

41:21 — The future of AI-driven governance in Texas

44:06 — Economic growth and competitive advantage from AI adoption

45:03 — Closing thoughts and where to learn more

Watch Full-Length Interviews: https://www.youtube.com/@TexasTalks

As part of the Future of Texas series in partnership with Texas 2036, this episode explores how Texas courts and the justice system must evolve to serve a rapidly growing state.

In this episode of Texas Talks, host Brad Swail is joined by Chief Justice Wallace B. Jefferson, former Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Texas, and Luis Soberon, Senior Policy Advisor and In House Counsel at Texas 2036, for a forward-looking conversation about the future of courts, access to justice, and judicial reform in Texas.

As Texas adds more residents, more businesses, and more complexity to its economy, the demands on the justice system are growing as well. Chief Justice Jefferson and Soberon discuss how population growth affects everything from family law and criminal dockets to business disputes and court backlogs — and why the state must modernize now if it wants to preserve public trust and timely access to justice by 2036.

The conversation also examines how Texas courts have already evolved through electronic filing, virtual hearings, and greater public transparency, while also looking ahead to the next wave of change driven by AI, data systems, and digital tools that could make the justice system more accessible and more efficient.

The discussion also covers:

• Why access to justice still depends too heavily on who can afford a lawyer

• How legal aid, pro bono work, and technology can help narrow that gap

• The role of e-filing, courtroom livestreams, and digital systems in modernizing courts

• How AI could improve legal access and court administration without replacing human judgment

• Why Texas may need more courts, more judges, and stronger court funding as the state grows

• Whether partisan judicial elections still make sense in a more populous and polarized Texas

• Why court data and transparency are essential to understanding backlog, performance, and reform

• How simple changes like text reminders and clearer notices can improve compliance and reduce harm

• Why backlog reduction and access to justice may be the clearest markers of success by 2036

Chief Justice Jefferson argues that Texas should aim to become a national leader in ensuring every resident can protect their most basic rights in court, while Soberon emphasizes that better data, smarter administration, and sustained investment will be critical if the justice system is going to keep pace with Texas’s future.

Through the Future of Texas podcast series, Texas 2036 brings together diverse perspectives as we explore the opportunities and challenges facing our state over the next ten years. The views expressed in this program are those of the individual speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of Texas 2036, its staff or its Board of Directors.

00:00 — Introduction to the Future of Texas series and today’s justice focus

00:29 — Why population growth puts pressure on Texas courts

01:14 — Guests introduced: Chief Justice Wallace B. Jefferson and Luis Soberon

02:26 — What it means for justice to evolve in a growing state

03:22 — Access to justice and why cost remains the biggest barrier

04:15 — Technology, remote hearings, and how courts have already changed

05:44 — Chief Justice Jefferson on modernizing the Texas court system

07:16 — AI, court technology, and the future of legal access

09:53 — The growing gap between people who have lawyers and people who do not

11:22 — Legal aid, self-help tools, and high-volume civil cases

15:20 — How AI could transform legal work without replacing judges or lawyers

20:04 — How growth affects court demand, specialization, and business courts

24:25 — More judges, more courts, and pressure on judicial elections

27:53 — Can judicial independence survive a hyperpartisan environment?

32:23 — What a chief justice actually does in the Texas court system

37:30 — The data problem in Texas courts and why it matters

41:06 — How better data could reveal backlog, performance, and reform needs

47:30 — Transparency, text reminders, and making courts easier to navigate

53:08 — State policy changes needed to modernize Texas justice

56:16 — The one metric that will show whether Texas got it right by 2036

Watch Full-Length Interviews: https://www.youtube.com/@TexasTalks

In this episode of Texas Talks, host Brad Swail sits down with Marc Levin, Chief Policy Counsel at the Council on Criminal Justice, for a wide-ranging conversation about where criminal justice reform stands in Texas today — and what lawmakers should be focused on next.

Levin reflects on his long history in Texas criminal justice policy, from the 2007 reforms that helped the state avoid building thousands of new prison beds to the current push for a smarter, more data-driven justice system. He explains why public safety remains the core mission of government, but argues that Texas works best when policy is guided by proportionality, fairness, accountability, and evidence about what actually reduces crime and recidivism.

The conversation explores recent reforms from the 89th Texas Legislature, including expanded pretrial funding, parole process changes through the Sunset review of TDCJ, and the constitutional amendment updating bail rules. Levin also discusses why plea bargaining deserves more scrutiny, how better data could help policymakers compare sentences and outcomes across counties, and why transparency matters if Texas wants to know whether its justice system is truly working.

The discussion also covers:

• The importance of pretrial services and front-loading treatment and support

• Geriatric parole and streamlining release decisions for low-risk elderly inmates

• Why Texas still needs better sentencing and recidivism data

• The debate over prison air conditioning and what “smart justice” should mean

• How AI can help solve crimes and inform decisions — without replacing human judgment

• Why veterans need better identification and support within the justice system

• Clean slate proposals for automatic record sealing of minor misdemeanors

• Fentanyl testing strips as a harm-reduction tool to save lives

• “Second look” sentencing for people who committed serious crimes as juveniles

• Why trust in the justice system may be just as important as recidivism rates

Levin makes the case that Texas has already shown it can lower both crime and incarceration at the same time — but only if lawmakers keep focusing on reforms that are practical, measurable, and rooted in outcomes rather than rhetoric.

00:00 — Introduction and Marc Levin joins the podcast

01:05 — Marc Levin’s background and Texas criminal justice reform history

03:38 — What a smarter justice system actually looks like

05:16 — The biggest reforms from the 89th Texas Legislature

06:45 — Pretrial services, treatment, and front-loaded support

08:29 — Plea bargains, coercion, and the “trial penalty”

10:47 — Why Texas needs better sentencing and justice system data

12:45 — TDCJ Sunset review and parole process changes

16:18 — Prison air conditioning and the debate over humane conditions

19:17 — Why solving more crimes matters more than harsher conditions

21:36 — How AI is changing criminal justice policy

24:24 — Risk assessments, facial recognition, and guardrails for AI

29:00 — Priorities for the 90th Texas Legislature

29:45 — Veterans justice reform and better reentry support

34:08 — Clean slate policy and sealing minor misdemeanor records

35:54 — Fentanyl testing strips and harm reduction

38:06 — Second look sentencing for juveniles

40:18 — Is recidivism the best metric for justice reform?

43:26 — Long-term Texas trends in crime, incarceration, and reform

45:13 — Final thoughts: data, trust, and what Texas should do next

Watch Full-Length Interviews: https://www.youtube.com/@TexasTalks

As part of the Future of Texas series in partnership with Texas 2036, this episode explores how rapid population growth is reshaping the state — and what it will take to manage that growth successfully over the next decade.

In this episode of Texas Talks, host Brad Swail is joined by Henry Cisneros, former U.S. Secretary of Housing and Urban Development and former mayor of San Antonio, and A.J. Rodriguez, Executive Vice President at Texas 2036, for a deep dive into the rise of Texas “mega regions” — particularly the fast-growing Austin–San Antonio corridor.

With Texas now exceeding 31 million residents and continuing to grow rapidly, the conversation focuses on how interconnected metropolitan regions — including the broader Texas Triangle — are becoming the true drivers of economic growth, population expansion, and global competitiveness.

Cisneros and Rodriguez explain that Texas is no longer defined primarily by rural or energy-based economies, but by large, dynamic urban regions producing the majority of the state’s GDP. They argue that the key challenge ahead is not whether Texas will grow — but whether leaders can plan effectively to manage that growth.

The discussion also covers:

• The rise of the Austin–San Antonio mega region and the broader Texas Triangle

• Why regional collaboration — not city-by-city planning — is critical to future success

• Housing affordability challenges and the risks of underbuilding

• Water supply, infrastructure gaps, and long-term sustainability concerns

• Transportation bottlenecks, congestion, and the need for rail and mobility innovation

• Workforce development, education, and closing the postsecondary attainment gap

• Economic mobility, poverty challenges, and the importance of human capital investment

• Lessons from other global regions that failed — or succeeded — in managing growth

The conversation highlights a central theme: Texas is at a pivotal moment. With the right planning, coordination, and investment, it could become one of the most dynamic economic regions in the world — but failure to act could lead to congestion, affordability crises, and missed opportunity.

Through the Future of Texas podcast series, Texas 2036 brings together diverse perspectives as we explore the opportunities and challenges facing our state over the next ten years. The views expressed in this program are those of the individual speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of Texas 2036, its staff or its Board of Directors.

00:00 — Introduction to Texas growth and the Future of Texas series

00:25 — Texas population growth and rise of mega regions

01:15 — Guests introduced: Henry Cisneros and A.J. Rodriguez

02:01 — Urbanization and the Texas Triangle explained

03:36 — Why Texas growth is inevitable — and what’s at stake

05:09 — Regionalism and planning for 2036 population growth

06:18 — Austin–San Antonio mega region and regional identity

08:14 — Economic power of Texas metro regions

09:44 — Texas as a global economic competitor

10:38 — Collaboration vs competition between cities

11:32 — Infrastructure challenges: transportation and congestion

16:11 — Water supply risks and long-term planning

18:43 — Housing affordability and supply challenges

22:08 — Economic mobility and poverty concerns

25:02 — Workforce development and education gaps

29:00 — Need for regional coordination and governance structures

32:04 — Rail, mobility innovation, and future transportation

37:00 — Role of state government and policy coordination

41:34 — Lessons from other regions that failed to plan

45:13 — Global competition and Texas’s economic potential

52:17 — Preparing the workforce for AI and future jobs

54:56 — What Texas must focus on before 2036

57:04 — Final vision: what Texas could become if done right

Watch Full-Length Interviews: https://www.youtube.com/@TexasTalks

As part of the Future of Texas series in partnership with Texas 2036, this episode explores a critical question: how does Texas ensure its economic growth translates into real opportunity, mobility, and purpose for its people?

In this episode of Texas Talks, host Brad Swail is joined by Roy Spence, co-founder and longtime chairman of GSD&M and founder of the Make It Movement and the Purpose Institute, along with Renzo Soto, Deputy Director of Education and Workforce Policy at Texas 2036, for a wide-ranging conversation on the future of work in Texas.

The discussion focuses on skills, workforce readiness, career awareness, and how Texas can better connect students and workers to meaningful, high-opportunity careers. Soto explains how Texas is trying to align education and workforce systems earlier and more effectively, including through dual credit, career and technical education, outcomes-based funding, and better data connections between schools, colleges, and the labor market.

Spence argues that Texas does not just have a workforce challenge — it has a marketing challenge. He makes the case that young Texans and their families need clearer, more inspiring language around purpose, careers, and financial independence, and that the state must do a far better job of showing students the real opportunities available to them while they are still in school.

The conversation also explores:

• Why Texas is outperforming much of the country on enrollment and workforce growth

• The “90-60-30” challenge in postsecondary attainment

• How dual credit, CTE, and early career exploration can change student outcomes

• Why purpose matters just as much as paycheck

• How AI is reshaping work and why AI literacy matters for students and workers

• The importance of better education-to-workforce data

• Why Texas can lead the nation by helping more people “make it in Texas”

This is a big-picture conversation about how Texas can turn growth into real opportunity — not just for students entering the workforce, but for workers, families, and communities across the state.

00:00 — Introduction to the Future of Texas series and guest introductions

00:57 — Roy Spence on purpose, partnership, and marketing as a force for good

04:05 — Renzo Soto on why the future of work matters to Texas 2036

05:35 — The “90-60-30” challenge and postsecondary opportunity in Texas

07:18 — Why Texas is bucking national enrollment trends

11:10 — Roy Spence on purpose, talent, and not trying to be average

14:04 — The marketing problem: making Texans aware of career pathways

17:23 — Choice, purpose, and helping young people discover meaningful work

19:59 — Stress points in Texas: credentials, awareness, and workforce shortages

20:46 — Why better data is critical to workforce alignment

25:14 — AI, disruption, and preparing students for a changing economy

30:25 — How to make skilled careers exciting and purposeful

33:23 — What parents want and the case for financial independence

36:41 — Why early exploration and CTE opportunities matter

42:05 — What Texas is doing right on outcomes and accountability

48:49 — Rebranding pathways and measuring how many Texans are “making it”

57:22 — Final thoughts on success, purpose, and the Texas identity

Through the Future of Texas podcast series, Texas 2036 brings together diverse perspectives as we explore the opportunities and challenges facing our state over the next ten years. The views expressed in this program are those of the individual speakers and do not necessarily reflect the views of Texas 2036, its staff or its Board of Directors.

Watch Full-Length Interviews: https://www.youtube.com/@TexasTalks